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disorder","Active severe infection or sepsis","Asymptomatic small sliding hernia (surgery generally not indicated)","Relative: severe obesity or esophageal dysmotility (higher risk)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Typical laparoscopic repair; open or complex repairs often need longer."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Gentle exercise from about week 4; strenuous core work and heavy lifting from about week 8."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time for swallowing and bloating symptoms to settle and for symptom relief to be judged."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After laparoscopic repair, once discharged, first postoperative check is done and surgeon clears travel; longer after complications or open repair."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"First postoperative review, before flying home."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of swallowing, reflux symptoms and diet progression."}}],"indications":["Symptomatic paraesophageal or mixed (type II–IV) hiatal hernia","Sliding hiatal hernia with GERD refractory to medical therapy","Hernia complications such as obstruction, volvulus, bleeding, or anemia","Respiratory or postprandial symptoms attributable to the hernia"],"main_risks":["Dysphagia or bloating after surgery","Hernia recurrence","Esophageal or gastric perforation","Bleeding","Infection","Injury to the spleen or vagus nerve","Pneumothorax","Anesthesia-related risks","Thromboembolism"],"pain":"Moderate pain for the first several days, controlled with oral analgesics; shoulder-tip pain after laparoscopy is common. Temporary swallowing discomfort is usual.","preparation":["Endoscopy, barium swallow, often manometry or pH testing","Anesthesia assessment and routine labs","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Medication review with the surgeon","Smoking cessation and weight optimization where relevant"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (days 0–3)","description":"Progression from liquids to soft foods, early walking.","restrictions":["Liquid or puree diet initially"]},{"phase":"Weeks 1–6","description":"Gradual progression from soft to normal diet; swallowing difficulty and bloating settle.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting","Avoid straining, vomiting and large meals"]},{"phase":"Weeks 6–12","description":"Return to normal activities and diet.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous exercise and heavy lifting before about week 8"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after laparoscopic repair."},"result_longevity":"Symptom relief is usually long-lasting, often many years. Anatomical recurrence is not rare over time, but most patients stay satisfied; durability depends on hernia size, crural repair, mesh use, weight and avoiding heavy straining.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":10,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Reoperation for symptomatic recurrence or dysphagia within about 5 years; radiologic recurrence is higher."},"scars":"Laparoscopic repair leaves several small 5–12 mm abdominal scars; open repair leaves a larger upper abdominal or chest incision.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation."},"stages":[{"code":"repair","label":"Hernia reduction, crural closure and usually fundoplication","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed in one operation."}}],"qualifier":"Primary adult repair performed in a single surgical session."},"success":{"metric":"Patients with durable reflux and hernia symptom relief","value":85,"unit":"percent","horizon":"1-5 years","population":"Adults with symptomatic hiatal hernia after laparoscopic repair with fundoplication","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with crural closure and fundoplication (e.g., Nissen or partial)","suits_whom":"Most adults with symptomatic sliding or paraesophageal hernia.","recovery":"Hospital stay of 1–3 nights; return to desk work in about 2–4 weeks."},{"name":"Open (transabdominal or transthoracic) repair","suits_whom":"Selected patients with complex anatomy, prior surgery or when laparoscopy is not suitable.","recovery":"Longer stay and recovery, often 4–8 weeks before normal activity."},{"name":"Robotic-assisted repair","suits_whom":"Similar to laparoscopic indications where available.","recovery":"Similar to laparoscopic repair."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":1.5,"max":3,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Typical primary laparoscopic repair with fundoplication; longer for large or recurrent hernias."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Upper GI endoscopy report","Barium swallow report","CT chest or abdomen report","Esophageal manometry and pH study reports","Previous abdominal or anti-reflux surgery records","List of blood thinners"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay about 7-10 days including 1-3 hospital nights and first postoperative check; later reviews done remotely or locally."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check that the surgeon has experience with stomach and esophageal surgery and repairing large hiatal hernias","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-a-surgery-for-hiatal-hernias/","host":"newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org","quote":"Given the complexity of your situation, it would be a good idea for you to find a surgeon with experience in stomach and esophageal surgery who is familiar with repairing large hiatal hernias.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that the team discusses the risks and benefits of repair with you","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-a-surgery-for-hiatal-hernias/","host":"newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org","quote":"You also should have a conversation with your surgeon to discuss the risks and benefits of hiatal hernia repair, and determine which approach is most appropriate for your circumstances.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that the team determines which surgical approach is appropriate for your circumstances","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-a-surgery-for-hiatal-hernias/","host":"newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org","quote":"You also should have a conversation with your surgeon to discuss the risks and benefits of hiatal hernia repair, and determine which approach is most appropriate for your circumstances.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check whether additional tests are recommended before surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-a-surgery-for-hiatal-hernias/","host":"newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org","quote":"To determine the best treatment approach for you, your care team may recommend additional tests before moving forward with surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}},{"id":"C5","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Surgery offered for a hernia that is not causing problems","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiatus-hernia/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"It does not normally need treatment if it's not causing you problems.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Surgery offered before other treatments have been tried","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiatus-hernia/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"This usually only happens if other treatments have not worked and you keep having very bad symptoms.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"A surgeon cannot explain experience with stomach and esophageal surgery or large hiatal hernia repair","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-a-surgery-for-hiatal-hernias/","host":"newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org","quote":"Given the complexity of your situation, it would be a good idea for you to find a surgeon with experience in stomach and esophageal surgery who is familiar with repairing large hiatal hernias.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}},{"id":"F4","text":"The consultation does not discuss repair risks and benefits","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-a-surgery-for-hiatal-hernias/","host":"newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org","quote":"You also should have a conversation with your surgeon to discuss the risks and benefits of hiatal hernia repair, and determine which approach is most appropriate for your circumstances.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}},{"id":"F5","text":"The offer presents one surgical approach without determining whether it suits your circumstances","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-a-surgery-for-hiatal-hernias/","host":"newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org","quote":"You also should have a conversation with your surgeon to discuss the risks and benefits of hiatal hernia repair, and determine which approach is most appropriate for your circumstances.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Blood soaking through the dressing after surgery","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/17967-hernia-repair-surgery&rut=27561f4f71317b4abb9a2a906086015dc8473102171f7f395017fb9e64ccb939","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Blood seeping through your bandage.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Pus draining from the incision","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/17967-hernia-repair-surgery&rut=27561f4f71317b4abb9a2a906086015dc8473102171f7f395017fb9e64ccb939","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Pus draining from the incision.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Sudden swelling in your leg or groin","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/17967-hernia-repair-surgery&rut=27561f4f71317b4abb9a2a906086015dc8473102171f7f395017fb9e64ccb939","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Sudden swelling, warmth or redness in your leg or groin.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W4","text":"Infection at the incision site","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/17967-hernia-repair-surgery&rut=27561f4f71317b4abb9a2a906086015dc8473102171f7f395017fb9e64ccb939","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Infection at the incision site.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You want to avoid surgery for mild to moderate hernia","name":"TIF procedure","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/tif-procedure","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"The TIF procedure is an option for people with mild to moderate GERD and/or hiatal hernias who want a lasting solution, but don’t want or can’t have surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"Your reflux is mild and you can manage it with medicines","name":"Acid reflux medicines","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8098-hiatal-hernia","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"You might be able to manage mild acid reflux with medications.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"laparoscopic-hiatal-hernia","name":"Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with crural closure and fundoplication (e.g., Nissen or partial)","how_it_works":{"text":"A camera tube and thin tools enter through small holes","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15757-hernia&rut=b85257ebda664ffdcb18f0ab9837bc7a8466363815c1eb011b7c14c11903071f","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"The laparoscope goes in one small hole and long, thin surgical tools go through another.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":2,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","label":"2–4 weeks","source":{"url":"https://www.worcsacute.nhs.uk/leaflets/laparoscopic-hiatus-hernia-repair/","host":"worcsacute.nhs.uk","quote":"You can usually return to normal activities within 2–4 weeks.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}},{"id":"open-repair","name":"Open (transabdominal or transthoracic) repair","how_it_works":{"text":"One incision lets the surgeon operate on the herniated tissue","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/17967-hernia-repair-surgery&rut=27561f4f71317b4abb9a2a906086015dc8473102171f7f395017fb9e64ccb939","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"A surgeon makes a single incision (cut) that allows them to operate on the herniated tissue.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"robotic-assisted-repair","name":"Robotic-assisted repair","how_it_works":{"text":"The surgeon controls robotic arms from a computer console during repair","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15757-hernia&rut=b85257ebda664ffdcb18f0ab9837bc7a8466363815c1eb011b7c14c11903071f","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Robotic surgery for hernia repair is similar, but the surgeon controls the tools from a computer console, using robotic arms.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"laparoscopic-hiatal-hernia","name":"Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with crural closure and fundoplication (e.g., Nissen or partial)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"A camera tube and thin tools enter through small holes","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15757-hernia&rut=b85257ebda664ffdcb18f0ab9837bc7a8466363815c1eb011b7c14c11903071f","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"The laparoscope goes in one small hole and long, thin surgical tools go through another.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":2,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","label":"2–4 weeks","source":{"url":"https://www.worcsacute.nhs.uk/leaflets/laparoscopic-hiatus-hernia-repair/","host":"worcsacute.nhs.uk","quote":"You can usually return to normal activities within 2–4 weeks.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Most adults with symptomatic sliding or paraesophageal hernia.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Hospital stay of 1–3 nights; return to desk work in about 2–4 weeks."},{"id":"open-repair","name":"Open (transabdominal or transthoracic) repair","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"One incision lets the surgeon operate on the herniated tissue","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/17967-hernia-repair-surgery&rut=27561f4f71317b4abb9a2a906086015dc8473102171f7f395017fb9e64ccb939","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"A surgeon makes a single incision (cut) that allows them to operate on the herniated tissue.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Selected patients with complex anatomy, prior surgery or when laparoscopy is not suitable.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Longer stay and recovery, often 4–8 weeks before normal activity."},{"id":"robotic-assisted-repair","name":"Robotic-assisted repair","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"The surgeon controls robotic arms from a computer console during repair","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15757-hernia&rut=b85257ebda664ffdcb18f0ab9837bc7a8466363815c1eb011b7c14c11903071f","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Robotic surgery for hernia repair is similar, but the surgeon controls the tools from a computer console, using robotic arms.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Similar to laparoscopic indications where available.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Similar to laparoscopic repair."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You want to avoid surgery for mild to moderate hernia","name":"TIF procedure","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/tif-procedure","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"The TIF procedure is an option for people with mild to 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India cardholders","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/india/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You must have a visa to visit India unless you are an Overseas Citizen of India ( OCI ) cardholder.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"U.S. citizens need a medical visa for treatment in India","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/India.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"A medical visa is required for treatment in India.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"To enter India, a UK passport must expire at least 6 months after arrival and have at least 2 blank 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treatment","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/India.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Most hospitals require advance payment or insurance confirmation before treatment.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"In India, dial 112 and ask for an ambulance","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/india/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["armenia","azerbaijan","colombia","egypt","germany","greece","israel","italy","lithuania","mexico","poland","republic-of-korea","romania","spain","switzerland","thailand","turkey","united-states"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.82,"count":5,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"

A hiatal hernia repair in India costs starting at _op_612_price_from_, compared with about _price_compare_US_average_ in the US (Bookimed data, _date_). Bookimed lists 5 hiatal hernia repair clinics in India, mostly in Delhi, Mumbai, and Chandigarh, including JCI-accredited and NABH-accredited clinics.

","faq":[{"q":"What documents are required to apply for a visa to India for treatment?","a":"

Visa for travel to India requires a number of documents. The necessary list of documents includes:

"},{"q":"What hotel services are provided here?","a":"

In India, hotels of different price ranges and service levels are presented. Most tourists choose 4 and 5-star hotels. Such hotels have everything for a comfortable stay: varied European and Asian food, a vast, well-groomed territory, animation for children and adults. Some hotels have a water park available to guests. Budget travelers can afford to book an economical 3-star hotel with half board or no meals at all.

"},{"q":"Do I need a visa?","a":"

International patients are required to receive an electronic visa (e-Visa). The maximum period of stay in the country with this visa type is 6 months. Read more about the visa terms for treatment in India here.

"},{"q":"What is the level of medicine in India?","a":"

Healthcare in India is based on cost-effective models. Most of the hospitals are private — 65% of annual GDP is out-of-pocket medical payments.

1.4 mln doctors provide excellent treatments in the country. 74% of the Indian medical care is private. The local healthcare centers have international and national certificates that confirm the high quality of services and patients' safety:

India has 39 JCI-accredited medical centers in contrast with 20 JCI-certified facilities in Germany and 10 hospitals in Israel.

"},{"q":"What should you know about India before the trip?","a":"

Currency

Indian Rupee (you also can pay for services in USD)

Best period for the trip

October-March

Language

Hindi (most of medical staff speaks English fluently)

Visa

is required

Time difference with Europe

5 hours

Time difference with the USA

10 hours

Capital

New Delhi

Medical tourism center

Mumbai, New Delhi

Popular resorts

Goa, Jaipur, Mumbai

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