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treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you are satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check how your aftercare will be coordinated","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Warning sign: pressure to make a quick decision","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Warning sign: a hard sell","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"Warning sign: no discussion of possible complications","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"Warning sign: no mention of aftercare","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F5","text":"The clinic cannot answer your questions about the proposed treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Chills","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/infection","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"fever of 100.5 °F (38 °C) or higher; chills; cough or sore throat","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Cough or sore throat","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/infection","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"fever of 100.5 °F (38 °C) or higher; chills; cough or sore throat","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Severe flu-like 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summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your liver is not too badly damaged","name":"Radiotherapy","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You may have SIRT if you're an adult and your liver has not been too badly damaged or the cancer cannot be removed by surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":140},{"id":"A2","text":"You are very unwell and cannot have surgery","name":"Thermal ablation","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You may have thermal ablation to treat liver cancer if you're not able to have surgery because you are very unwell, or the cancer cannot be removed by surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"systemic-intravenous","name":"Systemic intravenous gemcitabine-platinum","how_it_works":{"text":"Gemcitabine disrupts DNA formation by mimicking a DNA building block","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/gemcitabinehydrochloride","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"It disrupts DNA formation by mimicking a DNA building block.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"hepatic-arterial-infusion","name":"Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy","how_it_works":{"text":"Chemotherapy is given into the blood vessels of the cancer","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"For liver cancer, the chemotherapy medicine is usually given into the blood vessels of the cancer.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"oral","name":"Oral or other systemic cytotoxic regimens","how_it_works":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"systemic-intravenous","name":"Systemic intravenous gemcitabine-platinum","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Gemcitabine disrupts DNA formation by mimicking a DNA building block","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/gemcitabinehydrochloride","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"It disrupts DNA formation by mimicking a DNA building block.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Biliary tract cancer, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Day-case infusion; recovery 1-2 weeks per cycle."},{"id":"hepatic-arterial-infusion","name":"Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Chemotherapy is given into the blood vessels of the cancer","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"For liver cancer, the chemotherapy medicine is usually given into the blood vessels of the cancer.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Selected unresectable liver tumors in specialised centres","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Short stay with catheter care; recovery about 1-2 weeks."},{"id":"oral","name":"Oral or other systemic cytotoxic regimens","how_it_works":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Patients with adequate liver function unsuitable for targeted therapy","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Home-based dosing with periodic monitoring."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your liver is not too badly damaged","name":"Radiotherapy","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You may have SIRT if you're an adult and your liver has not been too badly damaged or the cancer cannot be removed by surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":140},{"id":"A2","text":"You are very unwell and cannot have surgery","name":"Thermal ablation","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You may have thermal ablation to treat liver cancer if you're not able to have surgery because you are very unwell, or the cancer cannot be removed by surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-02-09"},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"The passport must have an expiry date at least 3 months after you plan to leave the Schengen area","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/spain/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"have an ‘expiry date’ at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area (the expiry date does not need to be within 10 years of the date of issue)","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"medicines","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Carry prescription medication in its original packaging, along with your doctor's prescription","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Spain.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"prescriptions","audience":"us","volatile":false,"text":"Medications that require a prescription in the United States also require a local doctor's prescription in Spain","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Spain.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Medications requiring prescriptions in the United States also require a local doctor’s prescription in Spain.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V4","item":"ghic","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"A GHIC or EHIC is needed to get medically necessary state healthcare in Spain","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/spain/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To get medically necessary state healthcare in Spain, you need a Global Health Insurance Card ( GHIC ) or a European Health Insurance Card ( EHIC ).","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V5","item":"hospital_payment","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Private hospitals usually require payment or proof of insurance or funds before admitting a patient","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Spain.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Private hospitals usually require payment or proof insurance or funds before admitting a patient.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/spain/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["azerbaijan","china","egypt","germany","greece","india","israel","japan","malaysia","mexico","republic-of-korea","switzerland","thailand","turkey","ukraine"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.69,"count":562,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>Chemotherapy for liver cancer in Spain costs from _op_681_price_from_ to _op_681_price_to_. The total expense depends on the specific drug protocols, the number of cycles required, and the medical hub chosen, such as Barcelona or Madrid. In the US, this procedure costs _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Private clinics typically include oncologist consultations and specialized nursing care in their treatment plans.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Oncologist consultation.</strong> Costs approximately 20% more for initial diagnostic assessments versus follow-ups.</li>\n<li><strong>Advanced diagnostics.</strong> PET/CT scans and liver biopsies are essential for monitoring treatment response.</li>\n<li><strong>Treatment location.</strong> Medical centers in major cities like Barcelona often have higher facility fees.</li>\n<li><strong>Combination protocols.</strong> Advanced procedures like chemoembolization typically cost significantly more than standard systemic chemotherapy.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight.</strong> Choosing JCI-accredited centers ensures international care standards for complex oncology cases. At Centro Médico Teknon in Barcelona, treatment ranges from $3,000 to $10,000. Large networks like HM Hospitals offer access to specialized radiotherapy units. Clinica Universidad de Navarra provides high-level oncology care recognized by ESMO. These institutions offer advanced diagnostics that justify the investment for international patients.</p>","faq":[{"q":"What is the primary chemotherapy treatment for advanced liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) in Spain?","a":"<p>Immunotherapy combination therapy is the primary first-line treatment for advanced liver cancer in Spain. Following Spanish Society of Medical Oncology guidelines, doctors prioritize Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab over traditional chemotherapy. This approach targets PD-L1 and VEGF proteins to stop tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Primary protocol:</strong> Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab combination is the current standard systemic therapy.</li> <li><strong>Alternative immunotherapy:</strong> Durvalumab plus Tremelimumab serves patients ineligible for anti-VEGF inhibitor drugs.</li> <li><strong>Second-line agents:</strong> Tyrosine kinase inhibitors like Sorafenib or Lenvatinib are used after immunotherapy.</li> <li><strong>Advanced options:</strong> Leading centers like Quironsalud Madrid provide access to oncology clinical trials.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Spain ranks third globally for medical requests in our network, partly due to high-volume centers like Clinica Universidad de Navarra. This clinic serves 140,000 patients annually and holds European Society for Medical Oncology accreditation. The sheer volume of operations, reaching 23,500 per year at some Barcelona facilities, ensures surgeons maintain elite proficiency in complex liver cases.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients value the shift toward immunotherapy because it offers better outcomes than older chemotherapy drugs like Doxorubicin. Many travelers focus their search on Barcelona or Madrid to access specialized multidisciplinary teams and experimental studies.</p>"},{"q":"What chemotherapy is used for cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct liver cancer) in Spain?","a":"<p>Spanish oncology centers treat cholangiocarcinoma using Gemcitabine and Cisplatin as the gold-standard first-line therapy. Clinics like Centro Médico Teknon also utilize targeted therapies like futibatinib for specific genetic mutations and immunotherapy agents such as Pembrolizumab to improve patient outcomes in advanced cases.</p> <ul> <li><strong>First-line therapy:</strong> Gemcitabine and Cisplatin combination remains the primary systemic treatment.</li> <li><strong>Adjuvant treatment:</strong> Capecitabine is prescribed for 6 months after surgery to prevent recurrence.</li> <li><strong>Second-line options:</strong> FOLFOX regimens are used if initial chemotherapy proves ineffective.</li> <li><strong>Targeted therapy:</strong> Biomarker testing identifies FGFR2 mutations for specific drugs like Lytgobi.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While basic chemotherapy is standard, Spain’s top-tier centers like Quironsalud Madrid offer unique access to oncology clinical trials. Since Bookimed data shows Spain ranks 3rd globally in our network, patients often benefit from advanced molecular medicine labs in Barcelona that tailor drug combinations based on precise tumor genetics.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize the importance of biomarker testing before starting Gem/Cis cycles. Many find that adjusting cisplatin dosages helps manage fatigue while maintaining treatment efficacy.</p>"},{"q":"What is chemoembolization, and is it commonly used?","a":"<p>Chemoembolization is a minimally invasive procedure combining localized chemotherapy with arterial blockage to treat liver cancer. It delivers high-dose drugs directly to tumors through a catheter, sparing healthy tissue. This standard palliative treatment is common for primary and metastatic liver malignancies.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Treatment method:</strong> Radiologists inject concentrated chemotherapy then block blood supply with particles.</li> <li><strong>Common applications:</strong> Used for tumors too large for surgery or during transplant waits.</li> <li><strong>Hospital stay:</strong> Patients typically remain in the facility for 2-3 days for monitoring.</li> <li><strong>Recovery timeline:</strong> Flu-like symptoms last 1 week; full recovery takes 4-6 weeks.</li> <li><strong>Primary target:</strong> Effectively treats hepatocellular carcinoma and metastases from breast or colon cancers.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Spain ranks 3 globally for oncology requests, with centers like Clinica Universidad de Navarra leading in JCI-accredited care. While basic chemotherapy in Spain starts at _op_37_price_from_, choosing centers with multidisciplinary tumor boards is vital. These boards often stage treatments over 12-24 months for extensive liver involvement.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients value how this procedure acts as a one-two punch against tumors larger than 9 cm. Many appreciate the shorter hospital stay compared to major surgery despite experiencing temporary flu-like symptoms.</p>"},{"q":"How long does chemotherapy for liver cancer last?","a":"<p>Chemotherapy for liver cancer typically lasts between 3 and 12 months, though duration varies by case. Treatment occurs in cycles lasting 2 to 3 weeks, combining infusion days with rest periods. Most regimens include up to 8 cycles to achieve curative or palliative goals.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Cycle frequency:</strong> Sessions usually repeat every 2 to 3 weeks for cellular recovery.</li> <li><strong>Treatment goals:</strong> Durations vary for neoadjuvant (pre-surgery), adjuvant (post-surgery), or chronic palliative management.</li> <li><strong>Metastatic regimens:</strong> Advanced cases often utilize FOLFIRI or FOLFOX protocols over 6 to 12 months.</li> <li><strong>Primary liver cancer:</strong> Protocols often prioritize targeted therapy or immunotherapy over traditional systemic chemotherapy.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Spanish oncology centers like Centro Médico Teknon or Clinica Universidad de Navarra often pivot treatment duration based on real-time drug efficacy. Data shows these JCI-accredited facilities focus on 10,000+ patients annually, frequently transitioning long-term patients to clinical trials if standard 6-month cycles reach a plateau.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Treatment length depends heavily on whether the cancer started in the liver or spread from elsewhere. Patients emphasize confirming the specific protocol early to plan for potential maintenance therapy lasting over one year.</p>"},{"q":"Where can I get specialized chemotherapy treatment for liver cancer in Spain?","a":"<p>Spain offers specialized liver cancer chemotherapy at internationally accredited oncology centers in Barcelona and Madrid. Patients access advanced drug protocols alongside targeted therapies and clinical trials. JCI-accredited facilities like Centro Médico Teknon and Clinica Universidad de Navarra lead in integrating chemotherapy with surgical resection for metastatic cases.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Available clinics:</strong> Centers like Quironsalud Madrid conduct active clinical trials for new cancer inhibitors.</li> <li><strong>Advanced technologies:</strong> Hospital Ruber Internacional utilizes Gamma Knife ICON and CyberKnife for precise tumor targeting.</li> <li><strong>Specialized oncology:</strong> Barcelona centers focus on T-Cell Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) therapy and molecular diagnostics.</li> <li><strong>Pediatric care:</strong> SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital is a European leader in specialized pediatric oncology.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While chemotherapy is the standard request, Bookimed data shows Spain is a hub for high-tech alternatives. Clinica Universidad de Navarra serves 140,000 patients annually and is recognized by ESMO for its oncology excellence. If systemic chemotherapy isn't the best fit, these top-tier clinics often pivot to advanced radiotherapies like tomotherapy or CyberKnife, which are widely available across the GenesisCare network.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients often emphasize that surgery remains the primary goal for potential curability in liver cases. Many advise checking eligibility for Phase 2 clinical trials involving new molecular inhibitors early in the treatment planning process.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"Как это работает","kind":"content"},{"text":"Какая цена химиотерапии при раке печени в Испании?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Лучшие клиники по химиотерапии при раке печени в Испании — 7 проверенных вариантов с ценами","kind":"content"},{"text":"Обзор процедуры Химиотерапия при раке печени в Испании","kind":"content"},{"text":"Получите медицинскую консультацию по химиотерапии при раке печени в Испании: Выбирайте среди лучших специалистов в этой области","kind":"content"},{"text":"Видеоистории пациентов Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Отзывы о Bookimed: узнайте о реальном опыте пациентов","kind":"content"},{"text":"Поделитесь этим материалом","kind":"content"},{"text":"Ключевые факты о химиотерапии при раке печени","kind":"content"},{"text":"FAQ по химиотерапии при раке печени в Испании","kind":"content"},{"text":"Получить бесплатную консультацию","kind":"content"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}