{"key":"op_567_TR","page":{"url":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=turkey/procedure=klitoroplastika/","procedure":{"id":567,"slug":"klitoroplastika","name":"Клиторопластика","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"surgery","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"plastic-surgery","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":46,"iso":"TR","name":"Турция"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-10-21"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=turkey/procedure=klitoroplastika/","cost_url":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=turkey/procedure=klitoroplastika/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":900,"to":2100,"avg":{"value":1500,"method":"median","source":"clinics"},"us":{"from":4500,"to":9000},"uk":{"from":4800,"to":8200},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Анталия","from":900},{"city":"Анкара","from":1200},{"city":"Кайсери","from":1300},{"city":"Стамбул","from":1500},{"city":"Измир","from":1500}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":800,"to":1500},{"country_iso":"FR","from":3200,"to":5600},{"country_iso":"GB","from":4800,"to":8200},{"country_iso":"US","from":4500,"to":9000},{"country_iso":"IL","from":3800,"to":5800},{"country_iso":"MX","from":2200,"to":4000},{"country_iso":"DE","from":3200,"to":5400},{"country_iso":"CA","from":4500,"to":8000},{"country_iso":"AE","from":2800,"to":4800},{"country_iso":"TH","from":4500,"to":4700},{"country_iso":"PL","from":6400,"to":6500},{"country_iso":"KR","from":1800,"to":3500},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":1600,"to":6200},{"country_iso":"AT","from":2900,"to":4900},{"country_iso":"ES","from":2800,"to":4600},{"country_iso":"IT","from":4500,"to":8500},{"country_iso":"CN","from":1800,"to":3600},{"country_iso":"AU","from":3800,"to":6000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":1800,"to":3100},{"country_iso":"MY","from":1800,"to":3200},{"country_iso":"VN","from":700,"to":1600},{"country_iso":"BR","from":1800,"to":3800}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":80,"variant":">=15%"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":38,"items":[{"id":1248,"name":"Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.8,"reviews_count":302,"accreditations":["Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT","Joint Commission International"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Offers clitoral hoodoplasty under local or general anesthesia. Gynecologist with 900+ procedures, ESHRE and TUBID member, at a JCI-accredited hospital rated 4.7/5.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4946,"name":"Dr. Esra Cabuk Comert's Clinic","city":"Ankara","rating":4.9,"reviews_count":12,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association"],"rank":2,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Dr. Comert has performed over 1,000 cosmetic gynecology surgeries, including clitoroplasty. The clinic is authorized by the Turkish Ministry of Health for health tourism and has a 4.9 rating from patients.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1686,"name":"Quartz Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.7,"reviews_count":165,"accreditations":["Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate"],"rank":3,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Provides clitoral hood reduction with a comprehensive care package. Clinic is JCI accredited and the surgeon is ISAPS certified.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4680,"name":"Soraca Med","city":"Antalya","rating":4.9,"reviews_count":94,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate"],"rank":4,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Offers both local and general anesthesia options with complete treatment packages. Provides 5 nights accommodation, transfers, and post-op care included. Clinic has 4.9 rating from 50 reviews.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":426,"name":"Hisar Hospital Intercontinental","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.5,"reviews_count":266,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","Turkish Medical Association (Türk Tabıplerı Bırliği)","Turkish Medical Association","Patient choice in Oncology & Hematology Oncology","Best patient assistance","Best clinic for radiotherapy"],"rank":5,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Board-certified plastic surgeon with experience in complex restorative procedures. JCI-accredited facility ensuring high standards of treatment quality and safety.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3060,"name":"Men's Health Clinics","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.9,"reviews_count":48,"accreditations":["Patient choice for robotic prostate surgery","Robotic Surgery Center of Exellence","European Board of Urology","Joint Commission International","Turkish Medical Association (Türk Tabıplerı Bırliği)"],"rank":6,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Clitoroplasty is included in comprehensive female genital surgery packages. Clinic offers personalized treatment plans with all-inclusive pricing. 100% patient recommendation rate based on reviews.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":7176,"name":"Memorial Göztepe Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.8,"reviews_count":9,"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":7,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5520,"name":"Büyük Anadolu Hospitals (BAH International)","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.3,"reviews_count":4,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate","Turkish Medical Association (Türk Tabıplerı Bırliği)"],"rank":8,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Specializes in genital aesthetic surgeries with a dedicated gynecologist. Offers comprehensive pre- and post-operative care, including psychological support for gender-affirming procedures.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3315,"name":"Grand Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association"],"rank":9,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Uses absorbable internal stitches that dissolve on their own, so no suture removal needed. Surgeon has performed 900+ procedures. 91% of patients recommend the clinic.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3418,"name":"Valued Med Hub Hospitals","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.9,"reviews_count":59,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate"],"rank":10,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Clitoroplasty combined with perineoplasty and hudoplasty for functional and aesthetic restoration. Parallel endocrinological monitoring supports healing. Surgeon has 900+ gynecologic procedures and a 4.9/5 rating.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5852,"name":"Assoc. Prof. Dr. Esra Özbaşlı OBGYN & Women Genital Aesthetics","city":"Istanbul","rating":5,"reviews_count":3,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association (Türk Tabıplerı Bırliği)","Turkish Medical Association","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate"],"rank":11,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Specializes in genital aesthetic surgeries with options for both local and general anesthesia. Performs surgeries in A-class hospitals with advanced equipment. Over 900 procedures performed.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":94,"name":"Medical Park Göztepe Hospital Complex","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.4,"reviews_count":35,"accreditations":["International Organization for Standardization","Joint Commission International","Robotic Surgery Center of Exellence","Colorectal Surgery Center for Excellence","Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence"],"rank":12,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":390,"name":"Estetik International Istanbul","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":229,"accreditations":["Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate","Patient choice in Plastic surgery","International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","Best Plastic Surgery Center 2018","Turkish Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Association (Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Derneği)","European Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery"],"rank":13,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5712,"name":"Dr. İrem Yengel Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate"],"rank":14,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5859,"name":"Ento Surgical Medical Center","city":"İzmir","rating":5,"reviews_count":1,"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":15,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":397,"name":"SALUSS Medical Group","city":"Antalya","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":98,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","Straumann® Dental Implant System Official Provider"],"rank":16,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":485,"name":"Mono Medical Center","city":"Istanbul","rating":5,"reviews_count":1,"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":17,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1028,"name":"Private Optimed Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","The Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) by WHO and UNICEF"],"rank":18,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1084,"name":"SYSTEM HOSPITAL","city":"Kayseri","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":19,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1105,"name":"Madame Safiye Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":35,"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":20,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1120,"name":"Gürler Akınbingöl M.D. Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":21,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1177,"name":"Egemed Hospitals","city":"İzmir","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":22,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1359,"name":"Estemita Aesthetics Clinic of Dr. Hakan Ölmeztürk","city":"Antalya","rating":4,"reviews_count":1,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association"],"rank":23,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1656,"name":"IC ESTHETIC Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":24,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1675,"name":"Dr. Omer Faruk Deveci's Private Practice","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","International Confederation for Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery"],"rank":25,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1751,"name":"Dr. Özgür Ağlamış Barbieplasty Inventor","city":"Istanbul","rating":5,"reviews_count":2,"accreditations":["American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery"],"rank":26,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Specializes in cosmetic gynecology with a focus on genital aesthetics. Award-winning surgeon with 1,100+ procedures performed. Offers personalized treatment plans.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3202,"name":"Dr. Aybala Akıl, MD","city":"Bodrum","rating":4.8,"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association"],"rank":27,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4464,"name":"Private Medicabil Hospital","city":"Bursa","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["International Organization for Standardization","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate","Joint Commission International"],"rank":28,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5197,"name":"Odin Clinic","city":"İzmir","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Best clinic for IVF in Turkey","Patient choice in Plastic surgery","Best Quality Dental Centers","Patient choice for Hair transplant","Best patient assistance","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate","Joint Commission International","Accreditation Canada Diamond Status Level","Colorectal Surgery Center for Excellence","Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT","Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence","International Organization for Standardization"],"rank":29,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Specializes in advanced genital reconstruction techniques. Board-certified plastic surgeon with extensive training in cosmetic and reconstructive procedures.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5385,"name":"Dr. Emre Özenalp Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Joint Commission International"],"rank":30,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5989,"name":"Op. Dr. Ekrem Keskin","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["American Accreditation Commission International","Joint Commission International","The Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) by WHO and UNICEF","Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT"],"rank":31,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":6885,"name":"MEDICTERREAN®","city":"Antalya","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate"],"rank":32,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":7139,"name":"Op. Dr. Fatih Çınar Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":5,"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate","International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","European Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","Turkish Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Association (Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Derneği)"],"rank":33,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":8137,"name":"UCARER Women’s Health","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology"],"rank":34,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":8409,"name":"CLINIQUEPLUS","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.9,"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems"],"rank":35,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":8801,"name":"Op. Dr. Tamer Şakrak","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":36,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":9090,"name":"Clinichub","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems"],"rank":37,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5324,"name":"VIPMED Klinik","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":38,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":31,"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":382,"slug":"antalia","name":"Анталия","clinics_count":1,"price_from":900,"profile":{"city_type":"Major Mediterranean coastal city in Turkey","access":["Antalya Airport (AYT), 13 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":386,"slug":"ankara","name":"Анкара","clinics_count":1,"price_from":1200,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital city of Turkey","access":["Ankara Airport (ESB), 28 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Esenboğa_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":1755,"slug":"kayseri","name":"Кайсери","clinics_count":1,"price_from":1300,"profile":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"id":107,"slug":"stambul","name":"Стамбул","clinics_count":5,"price_from":1500,"profile":{"city_type":"Largest city in Turkey, megacity","access":["Sabiha Gökçen Airport (SAW), 32 km southeast of city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en_International_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":395,"slug":"izmir","name":"Измир","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":1500,"profile":{"city_type":"Aegean coastal port city in Turkey","access":["Izmir Airport (ADB), 14 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0zmir","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir_Adnan_Menderes_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Clitoromegaly, e.g. congenital adrenal hyperplasia or sex development differences","Reconstruction of clitoral anatomy after female genital cutting","Clitoral hypertrophy causing functional or hygiene problems"],"contraindications":["Active genital or local infection","Uncontrolled medical conditions that make anesthesia or surgery unsafe","Pregnancy (elective surgery usually deferred)","Current smoking or poor wound-healing status (relative precaution)"],"operation_hours":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time; longer for reconstructive release after genital cutting or combined hood reduction."},"anesthesia":["general"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single-stage operation; revision is occasionally needed."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Clitoroplasty under general anesthesia","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on day of admission."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone protocol is one operation; follow-up checks are not counted as sessions."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually same-day discharge; one night if anesthesia recovery or surgeon preference requires observation."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Time to comfortable ordinary daily activity; depends on swelling and extent of surgery."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After wound check confirming healing without infection or hematoma; consistent with 7-10 day stay."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":5,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work earlier; depends on pain, swelling and extent of reduction or reconstruction."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking earlier; strenuous exercise and cycling after wound healing and surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling resolution, scar maturation and return of sensation determine final appearance and function."},"result_longevity":"Surgical changes are generally permanent. Appearance may change gradually with ageing, weight or hormonal shifts.","main_risks":["Loss or reduction of clitoral sensation","Altered sexual function or orgasmic difficulty","Bleeding, hematoma, infection, wound dehiscence","Scarring or pain","Need for revision surgery","Partial necrosis of tissue (for flap-based or reconstructive variants)","Anesthesia-related risks"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication within 90 days (hematoma, infection, dehiscence, sensory change); serious ones uncommon."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":3,"max":10,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Patients needing a repeat operation for appearance, scarring or function within 2 years."},"success":{"metric":"Patient satisfaction with appearance and preserved clitoral sensation","value":85,"horizon":"6-12 months after surgery","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"Scars are typically small and placed in the genital folds or clitoral hood area, and are usually inconspicuous after healing. Their extent varies with technique.","pain":"Moderate postoperative genital pain and swelling are expected in the first days, usually managed with oral analgesics. The degree varies with the variant.","preparation":["Specialist consultation defining the goal and specific operation","Pre-anesthesia medical assessment","Discussion of sensation and sexual function risks; informed consent","Stopping smoking before surgery","Fasting as instructed by anesthesia team"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"First 48 hours","description":"Genital swelling, tenderness and bruising managed with oral analgesics and cold packs.","restrictions":["Rest","No tight clothing","Keep dressing clean and dry"]},{"phase":"Days 3-10","description":"Swelling gradually eases; wound check before travel. Gentle walking and hygiene care.","restrictions":["No baths or swimming","No heavy lifting","No cycling"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-6","description":"Return to normal daily activity; wound healing completes.","restrictions":["No sexual activity until cleared","No intense exercise","Avoid tampons"]},{"phase":"Months 2-6","description":"Residual swelling resolves, scars mature and sensation settles.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check before flying home for swelling, hematoma and wound healing."}},{"purpose":"suture_removal","requirement":"conditional","after":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Only if non-absorbable sutures were used; often absorbable and not needed."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of healing, sensation and sexual function, often remote for international patients."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Ask about possible residual pain, change in sensation and altered sexual functioning","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Importantly, there can be issues with residual pain, change in sensation and altered sexual functioning.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask about possible scarring that can affect function and appearance","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Additionally, there can be scarring affecting functioning and appearance.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check whether the surgeon discusses realistic expectations, since unrealistic expectations can lead to disappointment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"The implications of FGCS can stem from unrealistic expectations, with many women being disappointed with the outcome.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that the clinic discusses the anatomy of the vulva, including the clitoris and hood","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"It is also essential to discuss the anatomy of the vulva including demonstrating the mons pubis, labia majora, minora, clitoris and hood, urethra, vaginal vestibule, perineum and perianal areas (1).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"The offer claims the surgery helps urinary or sexual function, without good evidence","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Surgery can be marketed as helping urinary function and sexual functioning, however there is a lack of high quality evidence.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"The offer presents surgery as a treatment for pain without a clear cause","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Vulvodynia (pain without a clear identifiable cause) is not an indication for FGCS.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-02-11"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":5,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work earlier; depends on pain, swelling and extent of reduction or reconstruction."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication within 90 days (hematoma, infection, dehiscence, sensory change); serious ones uncommon."},"contraindications":["Active genital or local infection","Uncontrolled medical conditions that make anesthesia or surgery unsafe","Pregnancy (elective surgery usually deferred)","Current smoking or poor wound-healing status (relative precaution)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually same-day discharge; one night if anesthesia recovery or surgeon preference requires observation."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking earlier; strenuous exercise and cycling after wound healing and surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling resolution, scar maturation and return of sensation determine final appearance and function."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After wound check confirming healing without infection or hematoma; consistent with 7-10 day stay."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check before flying home for swelling, hematoma and wound healing."},"requirement":"routine"},{"purpose":"suture_removal","after":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Only if non-absorbable sutures were used; often absorbable and not needed."},"requirement":"conditional"},{"purpose":"result_review","after":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of healing, sensation and sexual function, often remote for international patients."},"requirement":"routine"}],"indications":["Clitoromegaly, e.g. congenital adrenal hyperplasia or sex development differences","Reconstruction of clitoral anatomy after female genital cutting","Clitoral hypertrophy causing functional or hygiene problems"],"main_risks":["Loss or reduction of clitoral sensation","Altered sexual function or orgasmic difficulty","Bleeding, hematoma, infection, wound dehiscence","Scarring or pain","Need for revision surgery","Partial necrosis of tissue (for flap-based or reconstructive variants)","Anesthesia-related risks"],"pain":"Moderate postoperative genital pain and swelling are expected in the first days, usually managed with oral analgesics. The degree varies with the variant.","preparation":["Specialist consultation defining the goal and specific operation","Pre-anesthesia medical assessment","Discussion of sensation and sexual function risks; informed consent","Stopping smoking before surgery","Fasting as instructed by anesthesia team"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"First 48 hours","description":"Genital swelling, tenderness and bruising managed with oral analgesics and cold packs.","restrictions":["Rest","No tight clothing","Keep dressing clean and dry"]},{"phase":"Days 3-10","description":"Swelling gradually eases; wound check before travel. Gentle walking and hygiene care.","restrictions":["No baths or swimming","No heavy lifting","No cycling"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-6","description":"Return to normal daily activity; wound healing completes.","restrictions":["No sexual activity until cleared","No intense exercise","Avoid tampons"]},{"phase":"Months 2-6","description":"Residual swelling resolves, scars mature and sensation settles.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Time to comfortable ordinary daily activity; depends on swelling and extent of surgery."},"result_longevity":"Surgical changes are generally permanent. Appearance may change gradually with ageing, weight or hormonal shifts.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":3,"max":10,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Patients needing a repeat operation for appearance, scarring or function within 2 years."},"scars":"Scars are typically small and placed in the genital folds or clitoral hood area, and are usually inconspicuous after healing. Their extent varies with technique.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single-stage operation; revision is occasionally needed."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Clitoroplasty under general anesthesia","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on day of admission."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone protocol is one operation; follow-up checks are not counted as sessions."},"success":{"metric":"Patient satisfaction with appearance and preserved clitoral sensation","value":85,"unit":"percent of patients","horizon":"6-12 months after surgery","population":"Adult women undergoing clitoral or hood reduction for cosmetic or functional concerns","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Clitoral reduction with preservation of the neurovascular bundle","suits_whom":"Clitoromegaly where the aim is smaller size with preserved sensation","recovery":"Swelling and tenderness settle over weeks; timing varies by surgeon and patient."},{"name":"Clitoral hood reduction (hoodplasty)","suits_whom":"Excess or asymmetric clitoral hood tissue, cosmetic or functional","recovery":"Usually brief local swelling and tenderness; timing varies."},{"name":"Reconstructive clitoroplasty after female genital cutting","suits_whom":"Women with scarring or buried clitoral tissue after genital cutting","recovery":"Healing time depends on the extent of scar release; specialist follow-up is advised."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time; longer for reconstructive release after genital cutting or combined hood reduction."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Clear external genital photos with scale reference","Gynecologic or endocrine examination report","Hormone panel results (if available)","Prior genital surgery or cutting records (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay about 7-10 days for initial healing and wound check before flying home."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Ask about possible residual pain, change in sensation and altered sexual functioning","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Importantly, there can be issues with residual pain, change in sensation and altered sexual functioning.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask about possible scarring that can affect function and appearance","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Additionally, there can be scarring affecting functioning and appearance.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check whether the surgeon discusses realistic expectations, since unrealistic expectations can lead to disappointment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"The implications of FGCS can stem from unrealistic expectations, with many women being disappointed with the outcome.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that the clinic discusses the anatomy of the vulva, including the clitoris and hood","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"It is also essential to discuss the anatomy of the vulva including demonstrating the mons pubis, labia majora, minora, clitoris and hood, urethra, vaginal vestibule, perineum and perianal areas (1).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"The offer claims the surgery helps urinary or sexual function, without good evidence","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Surgery can be marketed as helping urinary function and sexual functioning, however there is a lack of high quality evidence.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"The offer presents surgery as a treatment for pain without a clear cause","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Vulvodynia (pain without a clear identifiable cause) is not an indication for FGCS.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-02-11"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your enlargement comes from high androgen levels","name":"Hormone therapy","source":{"url":"https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/enlarged-clitoris","host":"healthline.com","quote":"Your doctor may prescribe hormone therapy if you have high androgen levels caused by an endocrine disorder like PCOS.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":263}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"clitoral-reduction","name":"Clitoral reduction with preservation of the neurovascular bundle","how_it_works":{"text":"Erectile tissue is removed while the glans neurovascular supply remains preserved","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8759416/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Therefore, clitoral reduction should involve removal of all erectile tissue from the corpora cavernosa of the clitoris with preservation of the neurovascular supply to the glans clitoris.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"clitoral-hood-reduction","name":"Clitoral hood reduction (hoodplasty)","how_it_works":{"text":"Excess clitoral-hood skin is trimmed while protecting the glans tissue and nerves","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/22259-clitoral-hood-reduction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Trims excess skin from your clitoral hood while taking great care not to disturb the tissue and nerves of your clitoris glans.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"reconstructive-clitoroplasty","name":"Reconstructive clitoroplasty after female genital cutting","how_it_works":{"text":"Residual scar tissue is removed and a neo-glans is created","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5937872/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"A neo-glans is created and sutured to the skin with projection after resection of residual scar and fibrotic tissue.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"clitoral-reduction","name":"Clitoral reduction with preservation of the neurovascular bundle","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Erectile tissue is removed while the glans neurovascular supply remains preserved","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8759416/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Therefore, clitoral reduction should involve removal of all erectile tissue from the corpora cavernosa of the clitoris with preservation of the neurovascular supply to the glans clitoris.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Clitoromegaly where the aim is smaller size with preserved sensation","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Swelling and tenderness settle over weeks; timing varies by surgeon and patient."},{"id":"clitoral-hood-reduction","name":"Clitoral hood reduction (hoodplasty)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Excess clitoral-hood skin is trimmed while protecting the glans tissue and nerves","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/22259-clitoral-hood-reduction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Trims excess skin from your clitoral hood while taking great care not to disturb the tissue and nerves of your clitoris glans.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Excess or asymmetric clitoral hood tissue, cosmetic or functional","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Usually brief local swelling and tenderness; timing varies."},{"id":"reconstructive-clitoroplasty","name":"Reconstructive clitoroplasty after female genital cutting","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Residual scar tissue is removed and a neo-glans is created","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5937872/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"A neo-glans is created and sutured to the skin with projection after resection of residual scar and fibrotic tissue.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Women with scarring or buried clitoral tissue after genital cutting","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Healing time depends on the extent of scar release; specialist follow-up is advised."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your enlargement comes from high androgen levels","name":"Hormone therapy","source":{"url":"https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/enlarged-clitoris","host":"healthline.com","quote":"Your doctor may prescribe hormone therapy if you have high androgen levels caused by an endocrine disorder like PCOS.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":263}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"Y1","text":"Turkey's Ministry of Health publishes lists of authorized healthcare providers and facilitators holding authorization certificates","specialties":[],"source":{"url":"https://shgmturizmdb.saglik.gov.tr/EN-69410/announcements.html","host":"shgmturizmdb.saglik.gov.tr","quote":"Updated lists of healthcare providers and facilitators that have been granted authorization certificates by the Ministry","tier":"government","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-05-11","version":1},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"UK citizen passport holders can visit Turkey without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period, for business or tourism","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can visit Turkey without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period, for business or tourism.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"US ordinary passport holders are exempt from a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Turkey.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Ordinary passport holders are exempted from visa up to 90 days in any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"A UK passport must expire at least 150 days after arrival in Turkey and have at least 1 blank page","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To enter Turkey, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 150 days after the date you arrive and at least 1 blank page.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"A US passport must be valid for six months beyond the entry date into Turkey","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Turkey.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Passports must be valid for six months beyond your entry date.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"prescriptions","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"British prescriptions are not accepted in pharmacies in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"British prescriptions are not accepted in pharmacies in Turkey.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V6","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["brazil","colombia","czech-republic","dominican-republic","greece","india","italy","japan","mexico","poland","republic-of-korea","spain","switzerland","thailand","ukraine","united-states"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.68,"count":1364,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>Clitoroplasty in Turkey typically costs from _op_567_price_from_ to _op_567_price_to_. Prices depend on the surgical technique, the clinic tier, and the city. In the US, similar procedures cost around _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Turkey offers savings of around _price_percent_discount_%. Standard packages often include local anesthesia, preoperative tests, and follow-up examinations in medical hubs like Istanbul, Ankara, and Antalya.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Clitoral Hood Reduction:</strong> _op_947_price_from_ to _op_947_price_to_ for cosmetic refinement of the clitoral hood.</li>\n<li><strong>Combined aesthetics:</strong> Bundling with labiaplasty typically adds 20-30% to the base procedure cost.</li>\n<li><strong>General anesthesia:</strong> Choosing full sedation instead of local anesthesia significantly increases facility and specialist fees.</li>\n<li><strong>Regional variations:</strong> Packages in Istanbul or Ankara may cost 15-20% more than in Antalya.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Savvy patients can find exceptional value by choosing specialized boutique clinics. Dr. Esra Cabuk Comert's Clinic in Ankara offers signature Barbie designs for approximately $2,200. This includes a 5-star hotel stay and consultation. Meanwhile, JCI-accredited Hisar Hospital Intercontinental in Istanbul provides same-day surgery for about $2,200. These options offer high-volume expertise at nearly identical price points across different Turkish cities.</p>","faq":[{"q":"Is clitoroplasty in Turkey safe?","a":"<p>Clitoroplasty in Turkey is safe when performed by board-certified gynecologists or plastic surgeons in JCI-accredited facilities. High safety standards are maintained through Turkish Ministry of Health regulations, which require clinics to hold an International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate to treat global patients.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Expert surgeons:</strong> Specialists like Dr. Esra Tustas Haberal have performed over 12,000 procedures.</li> <li><strong>Hospital accreditation:</strong> Facilities such as Hisar Hospital Intercontinental maintain Joint Commission International (JCI) standards.</li> <li><strong>Modern techniques:</strong> Surgeons use nerve-sparing methods and Barbie Labiaplasty to preserve sexual sensation.</li> <li><strong>Anesthesia safety:</strong> Most procedures use local anesthesia, allowing for same-day surgery and faster recovery.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data shows that choosing a multidisciplinary hospital like Hisar Intercontinental offers a significant safety advantage. While boutique clinics are popular, large JCI-accredited centers treat over 250,000 patients annually. They have on-site emergency departments and 60+ specialized units that smaller clinics often lack.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize the importance of using video consultations to screen surgeons and verify their Western training beforehand. Many recommend staying for at least 2 weeks to ensure professional aftercare and smooth healing during the initial recovery phase.</p>"},{"q":"Will the surgery affect sexual sensation?","a":"<p>Clitoroplasty in Turkey specifically maintains sexual sensation by using nerve-sparing techniques. Surgeons preserve the dorsal nerve bundle while reducing the clitoral hood or size. This approach ensures erogenous sensitivity remains intact, with many patients reporting improved comfort and sexual satisfaction after the procedure.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Nerve preservation:</strong> Surgeons use microscopic techniques to protect the vital dorsal nerve bundle.</li> <li><strong>Sensation recovery:</strong> Temporary numbness is normal and typically resolves within 6 to 12 months.</li> <li><strong>Functional improvement:</strong> Reducing excess tissue can heighten stimulation and resolve previous physical discomfort.</li> <li><strong>Surgeon experience:</strong> Top Turkish specialists often have performed over 1,000 successful cosmetic gynecology surgeries.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Patient data shows a preference for single-specialty clinics like Dr. Esra Cabuk Comert's Clinic in Ankara. These centers focus exclusively on gynecology and achieve high satisfaction rates. Her team has completed over 1,000 cosmetic procedures, proving that high volume correlates with refined nerve-sparing expertise.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize the importance of using English-speaking aftercare teams to manage recovery anxiety. They recommend gentle stimulation starting at week 4 to monitor the gradual return of full sensation.</p>"},{"q":"How long is the recovery period?","a":"<p>Recovery from clitoroplasty in Turkey typically involves a 4 to 8 week period of major activity restrictions. While most patients return to light desk work within 7 to 10 days, full sensation and final aesthetic results generally appear 3 to 6 months after the procedure.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Initial downtime:</strong> Plan for 7 to 10 days of rest before flying back home safely.</li> <li><strong>Physical restrictions:</strong> Avoid heavy lifting, strenuous exercise, and swimming for at least 6 weeks.</li> <li><strong>Sexual activity:</strong> Surgeons strictly recommend no sexual penetration or direct stimulation for 6 to 8 weeks.</li> <li><strong>Swelling management:</strong> Expect localized swelling to peak at 2 to 4 weeks and subside by month 3.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data from top Istanbul clinics shows that surgeons like Dr. Esra Tustas Haberal, with over 12,000 procedures, often utilize same-day surgery protocols. However, choosing a package with at least 1–2 hotel nights is vital. This extra time allows for a professional follow-up exam before your flight, which significantly reduces the risk of travel-related complications.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many patients find that keeping a weekly photo diary helps track progress. They often note that early swelling can mask results, making patience essential during the first 3 months.</p>"},{"q":"Will there be visible scarring?","a":"<p>Clitoroplasty in Turkey results in minimal, often invisible scarring because surgeons strategically place incisions within the natural labial folds. Most patients see scars fade and flatten significantly within 6 to 12 months. Advanced laser-assisted techniques further reduce tissue trauma and promote seamless healing.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Incision placement:</strong> Surgeons hide marks within natural skin creases or the clitoral hood.</li> <li><strong>Technique impact:</strong> Laser-assisted methods minimize bleeding and promote faster, cleaner scar maturation.</li> <li><strong>Healing timeline:</strong> Initial redness typically resolves into a faint, pale line after 1 year.</li> <li><strong>Skin tone:</strong> Patients with darker skin may experience temporary hyperpigmentation for 12–18 months.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Long-term aesthetic success depends heavily on surgeon volume. Clinics like Hisar Hospital Intercontinental feature surgeons with over 12,000 procedures. This high repetition ensures precise incision depth, which is the primary factor in preventing raised or thickened scars.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many patients find that initial swelling makes scars look prominent at 3 months. However, they report that marks become nearly impossible to detect once the area fully softens.</p>"},{"q":"Is the procedure painful?","a":"<p>Clitoroplasty in Turkey is performed under general or local anesthesia, ensuring the surgical procedure itself is entirely painless. Patients typically manage post-operative discomfort with prescribed medications. While swelling peaks between days 3 and 7, most physical pain subsides significantly within the first 2 weeks.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Anesthesia options:</strong> Surgeons use general or local anesthesia to eliminate sensation during surgery.</li> <li><strong>Recovery intensity:</strong> Mild aching and 6/10 discomfort are common during the first 3 days.</li> <li><strong>Pain management:</strong> Doctors often prescribe combinations like tramadol and ibuprofen for effective relief.</li> <li><strong>Activity restrictions:</strong> Patients should budget 2 weeks of bed rest to minimize swelling-related pain.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While many focus on the surgery, the recovery environment dictates your comfort level. Clinics like Dr. Esra Cabuk Comert's clinic include 24/7 nursing care and 5-star hotel stays. Having a professional manage your dressings and medication schedule in those first 48 hours prevents the common spikes in pain that occur when patients self-treat at home.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many patients find the discomfort levels lower than a wisdom tooth extraction. They emphasize that managing post-operative swelling with ice packs and stool softeners is the most critical part of a painless recovery.</p>"},{"q":"What is typically included in a Turkish surgery package?","a":"<p>Turkish clitoroplasty packages typically include the primary surgical procedure, expert surgeon fees, and anesthesia. Most plans also cover pre-operative blood tests, initial consultations, and follow-up examinations. While costs in Turkey range from _op_567_price_from_ to _op_567_price_to_, patients often save up to _price_percent_discount_% compared to US prices.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Medical services:</strong> Covers surgical fees, local or general anesthesia, and essential preoperative blood tests.</li> <li><strong>Hospital stay:</strong> Includes 1 night at JCI-accredited facilities or same-day discharge depending on complexity.</li> <li><strong>Post-operative care:</strong> Standard packages provide necessary pain medications, antibiotics, and first-day wound dressings.</li> <li><strong>Language support:</strong> Multilingual assistants or professional interpreters facilitate communication between patients and surgeons.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data shows a major experience gap between generalists and specialists. For example, Dr. Esra Tustas Haberal at Hisar Hospital has performed over 12,000 procedures. Selecting a high-volume specialist ensures safety even when packages appear basic. Some premium options like the Signature Barbie design at Dr. Esra Cabuk Comert's Clinic include 5-star hotel stays. Always verify if transfers are bundled, as many gynecological packages exclude them to keep surgical costs lower.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients value the convenience of having pre-op tests and consultations bundled into one visit. Many recommend budgeting an extra 20% for hotel extensions or additional recovery supplies not covered by standard quotes.</p>"},{"q":"Do I need to return to the clinic to have stitches removed?","a":"<p>You typically do not need to return to the clinic for stitch removal after clitoroplasty in Turkey. Surgeons usually use absorbable sutures like Vicryl or Monocryl, which the body naturally absorbs within 1 to 3 weeks, eliminating the need for professional removal.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Suture type:</strong> Surgeons primarily use dissolvable materials to simplify recovery for international patients.</li> <li><strong>Absorption timeline:</strong> Most stitches naturally break down and disappear within 7 to 21 days.</li> <li><strong>Follow-up protocol:</strong> Post-operative checks usually occur via digital photos rather than in-person visits.</li> <li><strong>Emergency backup:</strong> Consult a local doctor only if you notice spreading redness or fever.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Turkish clinics specializing in genital aesthetics, such as Dr. Esra Cabuk Comert's Clinic, prioritize dissolvable stitches to accommodate short travel windows. While some surgeons like Dr. Ali Nurhan Ozbaba have performed over 30,000 procedures, the standard of care remains using absorbable sutures to reduce infection risks during the flight home.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Most patients report that their stitches were fully absorbed within 3 weeks, making the recovery process much easier for those traveling from abroad. They suggest confirming the suture material during your initial consultation at the clinic to ensure no return visit is required.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"Как это работает","kind":"content"},{"text":"Какая цена клиторопластики в Турции?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Лучшие клиники по Клиторопластика в Турции — 38 проверенных вариантов с ценами","kind":"content"},{"text":"Обзор процедуры Клиторопластика в Турции","kind":"content"},{"text":"Лучшие специалисты по Клиторопластика в Турции — 31 доктор с отзывами и ценами","kind":"content"},{"text":"Видеоистории пациентов Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Отзывы о Bookimed: узнайте о реальном опыте пациентов","kind":"content"},{"text":"Клиторопластика: Фото до и после","kind":"content"},{"text":"Поделитесь этим материалом","kind":"content"},{"text":"FAQ по Клиторопластика в Турции","kind":"content"},{"text":"Получить бесплатную консультацию","kind":"content"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}